Docker 설치 (Windows, Mac OS)

1. Docker 설치 (윈도우)
윈도우에 도커 데스크탑 설치 : https://myanjini.tistory.com/entry/%EC%9C%88%EB%8F%84%EC%9A%B0%EC%97%90-%EB%8F%84%EC%BB%A4-%EB%8D%B0%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%ED%83%91-%EC%84%A4%EC%B9%98

윈도우에 도커 데스크탑 설치

 

WSL2가 설치되어 있어야 Docker Desktop이 정상 작동함.

1) 설치 과정
Docker Desktop Installer.exe 파일 실행시 오류가 발생

오류 팝업 내용)

Docker Desktop installation failed.
For security reasons C:\ProgramData\DockerDesktop must be owned by an elevated account

C:\ProgrData\DockerDesktop 폴더가 있다면 삭제

설치 프로그램을 C:\Users\admin 경로로 이동시킨 후 설치파일 우클릭 후 관리자 권한으로 실행

Use WSL1 2 instead of Hyper-V (recommended) 체크
Add shortcut to desktop 체크

"Ok" 버튼 클릭하여 설치.

설치 완료되면 "close and log out" 버튼 클릭

윈도우 로그아웃 된 후 로그인하면 도커가 자동으로 실행된다. "Accept" 버튼 클릭.

이후 회원가입 후 로그인 진행.

WSL2 Linux 커널 업데이트 패키지 다운로드 후 설치

Windows PowerShell 열어서 새 Linux 배포 설치할 때 WSL 2 기본 버전으로 설정

- Windows PowerShell

PS C:\Users\admin> wsl --set-default-version 2
WSL 2와의 주요 차이점에 대한 자세한 내용은 https://aka.ms/wsl2를 참조하세요

작업을 완료했습니다.

도커 데스크톱의 왼쪽 하단에 초록색 글씨로 Engine running 확인 후, 명령 프롬프트에서 도커 CLI 실행 확인

- Windows PowerShell

PS C:\Users\admin> docker version
Client:
 Version:           29.4.1
 API version:       1.54
 Go version:        go1.26.2
 Git commit:        055a478
 Built:             Mon Apr 20 16:35:45 2026
 OS/Arch:           windows/amd64
 Context:           desktop-linux

Server: Docker Desktop 4.71.0 (225177)
 Engine:
  Version:          29.4.1
  API version:      1.54 (minimum version 1.40)
  Go version:       go1.26.2
  Git commit:       6c91b92
  Built:            Mon Apr 20 16:32:41 2026
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          v2.2.3
  GitCommit:        77c84241c7cbdd9b4eca2591793e3d4f4317c590
 runc:
  Version:          1.3.5
  GitCommit:        v1.3.5-0-g488fc13e
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

도커 명령어 확인

- Windows PowerShell

PS C:\Users\admin> docker --help
Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Common Commands:
  run         Create and run a new container from an image
  exec        Execute a command in a running container
  ps          List containers
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  bake        Build from a file
  pull        Download an image from a registry
  push        Upload an image to a registry
  images      List images
  login       Authenticate to a registry
  logout      Log out from a registry
  search      Search Docker Hub for images
  version     Show the Docker version information
  info        Display system-wide information

Management Commands:
  agent*      Docker AI Agent Runner
  ai*         Docker AI Agent - Ask Gordon
  builder     Manage builds
  buildx*     Docker Buildx
  compose*    Docker Compose
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  debug*      Get a shell into any image or container
  desktop*    Docker Desktop commands
  dhi*        CLI for managing Docker Hardened Images
  extension*  Manages Docker extensions
  image       Manage images
  init*       Creates Docker-related starter files for your project
  manifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
  mcp*        Docker MCP Plugin
  model*      Docker Model Runner
  network     Manage networks
  offload*    Docker Offload
  plugin      Manage plugins
  sandbox*    Docker Sandbox
  sbom*       View the packaged-based Software Bill Of Materials (SBOM) for an image
  scout*      Docker Scout
  system      Manage Docker
  volume      Manage volumes

Swarm Commands:
  swarm       Manage Swarm

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Global Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default
                           "C:\\Users\\admin\\.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the
                           daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and
                           default context set with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host string        Daemon socket to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug", "info",
                           "warn", "error", "fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default
                           "C:\\Users\\admin\\.docker\\ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default
                           "C:\\Users\\admin\\.docker\\cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default
                           "C:\\Users\\admin\\.docker\\key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

For more help on how to use Docker, head to https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/

도커 하위 명령어 사용법 확인

- Windows PowerShell

PS C:\Users\admin> docker container --help
Usage:  docker container COMMAND

Manage containers

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  exec        Execute a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more containers
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  ls          List containers
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  prune       Remove all stopped containers
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  run         Create and run a new container from an image
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker container COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

도커 컨테이너와 이미지 목록 확인

- Windows PowerShell

PS C:\Users\admin> docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
PS C:\Users\admin> docker image ls
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    i Info →   U  In Use
IMAGE   ID             DISK USAGE   CONTENT SIZE   EXTRA

2. Docker 설치 (Mac OS)
[Docker] 맥 OS에 도커 설치하기(Install Docker on MacOS) : https://happylie.tistory.com/78

[Docker] 맥 OS에 도커 설치하기(Install Docker on MacOS)

3.  체크 사항
2023년 7월부터 Docker Compose V1 의 업데이트를 중단했다.
따라서 Docker Compose 는 V2를 설치할 것을 권장한다.
혹시나 기존에 설치되어 있는 Docker Compose 버전이 V1이라면 V2로 교체할 것을 권장한다.


참고링크 : https://www.inflearn.com/course/%EB%B9%84%EC%A0%84%EA%B3%B5%EC%9E%90-docker-%EC%9E%85%EB%AC%B8-%EC%8B%A4%EC%A0%84?cid=334085

비전공자도 이해할 수 있는 Docker 입문/실전| JSCODE 박재성 - 인프런 강의