스프링 빈 조회 - 동일한 타입이 둘 이상

타입으로 조회시, 같은 타입의 스프링 빈이 2개 이상일 때 오류가 발생한다. 이 때 빈 이름을 지정한다.

# ApplicationContext.getBeansOfType(타입) : 해당 타입의 모든 빈 조회

예제)
- src/test/java/hello/core/beanfind/ApplicationContextSameBeanFindTest.java

package hello.core.beanfind;

import hello.core.member.MemberRepository;
import hello.core.member.MemoryMemberRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.Map;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;

public class ApplicationContextSameBeanFindTest {

    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SameBeanConfig.class);

    @Test
    @DisplayName("타입으로 조회시 같은 타입이 둘 이상 있으면, 중복 오류가 발생한다")
    void findBeanByTypeDuplicate() {
        // MemberRepository bean = ac.getBean(MemberRepository.class);
        assertThrows(NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException.class, () -> ac.getBean(MemberRepository.class));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("타입으로 조회시 같은 타입이 둘 이상 있으면, 빈 이름을 지정하면 된다")
    void findBeanByName() {
        MemberRepository memberRepository = ac.getBean("memberRepository1", MemberRepository.class);
        assertThat(memberRepository).isInstanceOf(MemberRepository.class);
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("특정 타입을 모두 조회하기")
    void findAllBeanByType() {
        Map<String, MemberRepository> beansOfType = ac.getBeansOfType(MemberRepository.class);
        for (String key : beansOfType.keySet()) {
            System.out.println("key = " + key + ", value = " + beansOfType.get(key));
        }
        System.out.println("beansOfType = " + beansOfType);
        assertThat(beansOfType.size()).isEqualTo(2);
    }

    // 클래스 내부의 클래스는 ApplicationContextSameBeanFindTest 에서만 쓰겠다
    @Configuration
    static class SameBeanConfig {

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository memberRepository1() {
            return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        }

        @Bean
        public MemberRepository memberRepository2() {
            return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        }

    }

}

참고링크 : https://www.inflearn.com/course/%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A7%81-%ED%95%B5%EC%8B%AC-%EC%9B%90%EB%A6%AC-%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8%ED%8E%B8?cid=325969

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